Why Slip ring Induction motor is preferred for High starting Torque application

Why Slip ring Induction motor is preferred for High starting Torque application:

Coming to practical world, many industries operate with slip ring induction motor for high starting torque application. Example chopper, fiberizer, grinder etc. where are the high torque application is required we prepare slip ring induction motor only. In this tutorial we are going to see the functional effect of rotor resistance in slip ring induction motor.

First of all, what is slip:

Slip is nothing but the ratio of the difference between the synchronous speed to full load speed to synchronous speed. It is normally expressed in S

S = Ns-N/Ns x 100 %

Where S is Slip.

Ns= Synchronous speed.

N= Full load speed.

As per torque equation:

Also see: how to drive torque equation of Slip ring induction motor

Let us consider The Torque equation at here,

Here T is motor torque

R2 is the rotor resistance

S is Slip of the motor

Rotor Voltage

Also at start S=1, Then

R2’ is the starting rotor resistance
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For maximum Torque

By removing constant K

Tm Is directly proportional to square of the rotor voltage

Indirectly proportional to rotor reactance

Also condition for maximum Torque development for maximum slip

To get maximum torque at starting Rotor resistance is equal to rotor reactance.

Here R2’> R2 and the Slip Sm’ > Sm

Due to this, we get a new Torque-Slip characteristic of the rotor Resistance. These new characteristics is parallel to the characteristics of R2 with the same Rm but at Sm’.

Let see the diagram…
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The rotor resistance will be added at starting as R” like that.

For practically first they will add full resistance fo all available resistance, As preset time the resistance circuit will get cut of automatically. Finally, some resistance will be in online…

Due to this, there will be I2R loss and hence the efficiency of the motor will be poor.

In order to increase the starting torque, extra resistance should be added to the rotor circuit at start and cut out gradually as motor speeds up.
Conclusion From the above equation it is concluded that

1. The maximum torque is directly proportional to square of rotor induced emf at the standstill.
2. The maximum torque is inversely proportional to rotor reactance.
3. The maximum torque is independent of rotor resistance.
4. The slip at which maximum torque occur depends upon rotor resistance, R₂. So, by varying the rotor resistance, maximum torque can be obtained at any required slip.

Conclusion:

Adding such resistance with the rotor circuit, gradually rotor resistance removed from the circuit achieves high starting torque only at the start. Dut to this reason Slip ring Induction motor is preferred for High starting Torque application