Instantaneous Voltage Calculator:
Enter the values of maximum voltage, V(max), angular frequency, ω(Hz) and time, t(s) to determine the value of Instantaneous voltage, VI(V).
Instantaneous Voltage Formula:
Instantaneous Voltage is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering, especially critical in the analysis of alternating current (AC) circuits.
This voltage refers to the voltage at any given point in time as an AC waveform oscillates from its maximum positive value to its maximum negative value.
The measure of instantaneous voltage is crucial in understanding how electrical signals vary over time in devices like generators, motors, and transformers.
It helps engineers and technicians analyze and predict the behaviour of AC circuits and ensure proper function and safety of electrical systems.
Instantaneous voltage, VI(V) in volts equals the product of maximum voltage, V(max) in volts and sin of angular frequency, ω(Hz) in Hertz and time, t(s) in seconds.
Instantaneous voltage, VI(V) = V(max) * sin(ω(Hz) * t(s))
VI(V) = instantaneous voltage in volts, V.
V(max) = maximum voltage in volts, V.
ω(Hz) = angular frequency in Hertz, Hz.
t(s) = time in seconds, s.
Instantaneous Voltage Calculation:
- Calculate the Instantaneous Voltage of an AC Signal:
Given:
- Maximum Voltage, V(max) = 120V
- Frequency, f = 60Hz (thus, ω(Hz) = 2𝜋𝑓 = 2 * 3.14 * 60 = 376.8Hz.
- Time, t(s) = 0.01s.
Instantaneous voltage, VI(V) = V(max) * sin(ω(Hz) * t(s))
VI(V) = 120 * sin (376.8 * 0.01)
VI(V) = 120 * sin(3.768)
VI(V) = 120 * (- 0.5)
VI(V) = -68.72V.
- Determine the maximum voltage at a different point:
Given:
- Instantaneous voltage, VI(V) = -197.606V.
- ω(Hz) = 5Hz.
- Time, t(s) = 0.005s.
Instantaneous voltage, VI(V) = V(max) * sin(ω(Hz) * t(s))
V(max) = VI(V) / sin(ω(Hz) * t(s))
V(max) = -197.606 / sin(5 * 0.005)
V(max) = -197.606 / 0.024
V(max) = -9409.80max.
Applications and Considerations:
- Power Systems: Instantaneous voltage is essential for real-time monitoring and control of power systems.
- Signal Processing: In communications, accurate modeling of signal behavior as it varies over time helps in improving transmission and reception.
- Electronic Devices: Ensuring devices operate within safe voltage ranges to avoid damage from voltage peaks.